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Factual, architecture-level comparisons of approaches to personal AI. We compare designs and trade-offs plainly and never rate anyone's quality.

• How to choose a personal AI assistant: 14 questions

  The fastest way to evaluate a personal AI assistant is to ask the vendor a short list of concrete questions: whether they can read your content, where the encryption key lives, what the server stores, what survives deletion, and what happens if you lose your passphrase or they shut down. Good answers are specific and checkable. Vague answers are themselves the finding.

• Private vs cloud AI assistants: an architecture comparison

  Personal AI assistants use one of three storage architectures: local-only, where content never leaves your device; standard cloud, where the provider holds the keys and can read stored content; and hybrid end-to-end encryption, where the server syncs ciphertext it cannot open. They differ in who can read your content, how sync and recovery work, and what inference quality is reachable.